Sources and original illustrations

Primary references and the limits of this educational collection.

Primary references

• UNESCO: Chinese paper-cut — Regional paper-cut techniques, purposes and transmission.
• UNESCO: Chinese seal engraving — Design, reverse engraving and the seal as art and mark.
• UNESCO: engraved block printing — Wooden relief blocks, transfer, proofing and hand printing.
• UNESCO: wooden movable-type printing — Rui’an genealogy printing, reusable characters and composing.
• UNESCO: Xuan papermaking — Jing County bark-and-straw materials and multi-stage hand process.
• The Met: chicken cup — Jingdezhen underglaze cobalt and later overglaze enamel in a documented object.
• UNESCO: Longquan celadon — Verified page title is Longquan celadon despite legacy URL slug; controlled glaze firing.
• UNESCO: Nanjing Yunjin brocade — Two-person loom, pattern preparation and weaving collaboration.
• The Met: Two Pheasants on a Rock — Kesi tapestry with ink and color; woven image and painted details.
• UNESCO: traditional Li textiles — Spinning, dyeing, weaving, embroidery and community meaning.
• UNESCO: sericulture and silk craftsmanship — Mulberry cultivation, silkworm raising, reeling, thread and cloth.
• UNESCO: Chinese shadow puppetry — Silhouettes, rods, articulated figures, screen, music and performance.
• The Met: cloisonné altar incense burner — Wire compartments, enamel filling, repeated firing and finishing.
• The Met: Chinese carved lacquer — Layered lacquer over a support and carving through the built material.
• Shanghai: lantern and velvet-embroidery crafts — Wire-frame animal lanterns and wool-based velvet embroidery.
• Beijing magazine: toys and imperial crafts — Swallow-kite forms, filigree inlay and local craft context.
• Shanghai: Qibao bamboo-weaving history — Locally sourced bamboo woven into daily-use objects.
• The Met: inkstone with bamboo design — Green-schist inkstone, grinding area, relief and inscription uncertainty.
• Zhongshan: Xiaolan lantern makers — Bamboo-frame preparation and paper covering in a local lantern tradition.
• The Met: Chinese calligraphy — Flexible brush structure and variation in marks with movement.

Original visual material

The diagrams in this edition are original SVG illustrations explaining the sequence or decisions in each guide. They do not show a laboratory experiment, a personal trip or a tested product result. No photographs from the linked sources are reproduced.

Check the source in context

References were consulted during preparation of this edition. A source may cover a broader or narrower question than a particular guide; the support notes above explain why it is listed. Read the original for methodology, exceptions and updates.